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Securing Personal Data in 2024

AN

Aisha Noor

Identity Engineer

February 28, 2024·6 min read

Data breaches are no longer exceptional events. They have become background noise — a steady drumbeat of compromised records that has grown so routine that most people have simply stopped being surprised. This normalization is dangerous.

The Breach Economy

There is a thriving underground economy built on stolen personal data. Email addresses, passwords, credit card numbers, social security numbers — they are bought and sold in bulk on darknet markets. The price of a complete identity has dropped so low that it is sometimes given away as a bonus with larger data purchases.

This abundance of stolen data has shifted the threat model. It is no longer about preventing data from being stolen in the first place — though that remains important. It is about ensuring that even stolen data cannot be weaponized.

Zero-Knowledge Proofs

One of the most promising technologies for this is zero-knowledge proofs. ZKPs allow a user to prove a fact about themselves — "I am over 18", "I live in this country", "I have been verified as human" — without revealing the underlying data that supports that fact.

Applied to identity, ZKPs could enable a future where you never hand over your passport to prove your age. You simply prove, cryptographically, that the fact is true. The verifier learns nothing they did not need to know.

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